An efficient model for capturing gas transients in the energy flow of integrated electricity–gas systems

Gas-fired units provide great flexibility to accommodate the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources and are also considered to be an ideal substitute for retiring coal-fired generations. However, the increasing deployment of gas-fired units deepens interdependency between electric power and natural gas, calling for efficient modeling of the heterogeneous energy flow in the integrated electricity–gas systems (IEGS). Plenty of research works show the necessity of considering gas flow transients in the IEGS, which can be described by a set of partial differential equations (PDEs). To ensure a tractable optimization, the PDEs are often discretized using the finite/infinite difference method, which may result in a large computational scale for achieving good precision. To this end, this paper proposes an efficient model for capturing gas flow transients in the IEGS, which can be taken as the operational constraints in the optimal energy flow model for IEGS coordinated planning, scheduling, and control. For improving the computational efficiency, the PDE-based transient gas flow model is discretized using a space–time orthogonal collocation (OC) method, which provides high-quality results using fewer spatial–temporal discrete points than differential methods. Further, aiming at the difficulty in the determination of the number of space–time collocation points, an adaptive strategy is proposed and embedded in the proposed model utilizing the local fitting errors of state variables related to pipelines. Case studies show the superiority in computational accuracy and efficiency of the proposed model over the existing models based on Wendorff difference and global OC. And an illustrative case based on the modified IEGS benchmark system composed of the IEEE 118-bus power system and the Belgian 20-node gas network exhibits the application value of the proposed model in the optimization and control of the IEGS