Robustness to noise of distributed averaging integral controllers in power networks

We investigate the robustness of distributed averaging integral controllers for optimal frequency regulation of power networks to noise in measurements, communication and actuation. Specifically, using Lyapunov techniques, we show a property related to input-to-state stability of the closed loop system with respect to this noise. Using this result, a tuning trade-off between controller performance and noise rejection is highlighted. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.