Timing and Time Perception:A Critical Review of Neural Timing Signatures Before, During, and After the To‐Be‐Timed Interval

This chapter reviews recent human and nonhuman animal studies investigating neural signatures of time estimation. Investigation of the neural correlates of time estimation as measured by electrophysiology, electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in humans and other animals has largely been focused on the to‐be‐timed period. Climbing neural activity (eg, ramping) originating from the supplementary motor area has been implicated as a primary neural marker that coincides with the development of subjective experience of duration. However, it has recently been questioned whether such climbing neural activity directly reflects the neural mechanism (s) underpinning the sense of time. Given that the neural signatures recorded during the to‐be‐timed period are insufficient to explain various aspects of interval timing