Antimikrobni lekovi kod koka nosilja

The European Union has granted 6 of antimicrobial agents, which may be used in laying hens. These are: colistin, tylosin, neomycin, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline and erythromycin. Antimicrobial drugs are used today primarily for the prevention and treatment of diseases in poultry, and often (not in the EU) to stimulate growth. Taking into account the fact that these drugs are often used irrationally, there are good chances that their residues will be found not only in poultry meat but also in the eggs within a certain pe-riod after the cessation of treatment. In addition to the administration of approved VMPs, the residues in eggs can be the result of erroneously applied medicated food, the contamination of the food with some antimicrobial drug in the mixing unit, as well as “extra-label" use of drugs in poultry. The antimicrobial agents are distributed in the body and deposited in the eggs, mainly in the yolk where also persist longer in relation to the albumen. Drugs which are poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (aminoglycosides, aminocyclitols, polymyxins), cannot be determined in the eggs, while the residues of the some antimicrobial drugs, that are absorbed can be detected for up to two months (e.g. chloramphenicol) after the last treatment. Rational use of drugs in veterinary medicine has manifold significance. Using each drug, only when they are really necessary (indicated), in right dose and route of administration, the potential damage of their use would be reduced, and efficiency increases, as well as the risk of microorganisms resistance development would be significantly decreased. All of this becomes more important when these drugs are used in food animals