Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 Terhadap Pendapatan Nelayan Di Kabupaten Merauke

Merauke is one of the regencies in Papua Province which is also affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This is reinforced by the implementation of a lockdown or restrictions on access to and from the area by land, air and sea. The application of restrictions on entry and exit in the Merauke regency is quite long in 2020, which is for approximately two months. This study aims to compare the income of fishermen before the COVID-19 pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Merauke Regency, as well as to examine the problems faced by fishermen during the COVID-19 pandemic in Merauke Regency. This research was conducted from June to July 20121 with the research locations being Lampu Satu beach in Samkai village, Merauke district and Kumbe beach in Kumbe village, Malind district. These two locations were chosen because they are the centers of the largest fishing population in Merauke Regency. Primary data collection using interview techniques, to 40 respondents who were selected by purposive sampling. Each of the 20 respondents in Lampu Satu waters in Samkai sub-district, Merauke district and 20 respondents in Kumbe waters in Kumbe village, Malind district. The research data was analyzed statistically by looking at the trend and time series of fishermen's income in Merauke Regency. Based on the results of research and discussion, it was concluded that the Covid-19 pandemic had an impact on the income of fishermen in Merauke Regency, both for ship owners, captains/captains, crew members (ABK) and for collectors/collectors of the catch. The impact given is in the form of a decrease in income obtained by fishermen by 58%. The decline in income was caused by constraints in marketing the main catch, namely fish bubbles which became an export commodity abroad during the total lockdown of airport and port access in Papua Province from March to June 2020. The decline in income was also caused by the increase in the number of operational costs in activities. arrests such as the cost of vitamins, medicines, masks and medical tests if needed.Merauke adalah salah satu Kabupaten di Provinsi Papua yang juga terdampak Pandemi COVID-19. Hal ini diperkuat dengan pemberlakuan lockdown atau pembatasan akses keluar masuk wilayah baik jalur darat, udara maupun laut. Pemberlakuan pembatasan akses keluar masuk di Wilayah Merauke cukup lama pada tahun 2020 yaitu selama kurang lebih dua bulan.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pendapatan nelayan sebelum masa Pandemi COVID-19 dan dimasa masa pandemi COVID-19 di Kabupaten Merauke, serta untuk mengkaji permasalahan-permasalahan yang dihadapi nelayan terkait di masa pandemi COVID-19 di Kabupaten Merauke. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama bulan Juni sampai Juli 20121 dengan lokasi penelitian yaitu pantai Lampu Satu di kelurahan Samkai Distrik Merauke dan pantai Kumbe di Kampung Kumbe Distrik Malind. Kedua lokasi ini dipilih karena merupakan sentra populasi nelayan paling banyak di Kabupaten Merauke. Pengumpulan data primer menggunakan teknik wawancara, terhadap 40 responden yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Masing-masing 20 responden di perairan Lampu Satu di kelurahan Samkai Distrik Merauke dan 20 responden di perairan Kumbe di Kampung Kumbe Distrik Malind. Data penelitian dianalisis secara statistic dengan melihat trend dan time series pendapatan nelayan Kabupaten Merauke. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan maka diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pandemi Covid-19 berdampak terhadap pendapatan nelayan di Kabupaten Merauke, baik terhadap pemilik kapal, nahkoda/kapten, anak buah kapal (ABK) maupun terhadap pengepul/pengumpul hasil tangkapan. Dampak yang diberikan yaitu berupa terjadinya penurunan pendapatan yang diperoleh nelayan sebesar 58%. Penurunan pendapatan disebabkan oleh kendala dalam pemasaran hasil tangkapan utama yaitu gelembung ikan yang menjadi komoditas ekspor keluar negeri pada saat terjadinya lockdown total akses bandara dan pelabuhan di Provinsi Papua selama bulan Maret sampai Juni 2020. Penurunan pendapatan juga ikut disebabkan oleh meningkatnya jumlah biaya operasional dalam kegiatan penangkapan seperti biaya vitamin, obat-obatan, masker dan tes kesehatan apabila diperlukan.     &nbsp