Investigation on performance, combustion and emission characteristics using biodiesel-butanol-water blends in diesel engine

Currently, the need for alternative energies in compression-ignition engines has gotten a lot of attention to minimize the world's reliance on fossil oil-based energy resources. Environmental sustainability and the climate crisis are the two major reasons behind modern global energy development. Alcohol mix fuels are constantly trying to meet these needs. In the presented work, an experimental study is carried out on the impact of the combustion, performance, and emission of diesel engine by using diesel fuel blended with biodiesel, butanol, and water as additive. All blended fuels are: B10Bu5W0 (95% B10 + 5% Butanol), B10Bu10W0 (90% B10 + 10% Butanol), B10Bu5W5 (90% B10 + 5% Butanol + 5% water), and B10Bu10W5 (85% B10+ 10% Butanol + 5% water). All these fuels are tested and compared the result with D100 (pure diesel) by using Yanmar TF120M single cylinder water cool diesel engine. Two types of engine condition were used, speed variations which is 1200 rpm – 2400 rpm with 300 increments at constant load condition, and load variations which is low load, half load and full load at constant speed of 1800 rpm. The focus of this analysis is on combustion, performance, and emissions. The results suggest that biodiesel and butanol blend have possible potential as alternative fuel especially on performance. The result shows that the combustion of all blended fuels is increasing compared to D100. Also, higher peak cylinder pressure was increased as rpm and load increased. In term of emissions, the addition of water to the blended fuels produced better result compared to others fuels especially for NOx. It was proved that the addition of butanol had a positive result, both as an alternative fuel and in the environment