Overview of smart home concepts through energy management systems, numerical research, and future perspective

The concept of smart homes is considered either to enhance life quality of people or to ensure energy management of buildings, where intelligent technologies are used to achieve the comfort and energy management aims in smart homes. This technology is still under fast development, and it is noticeable that a detailed research study is needed to point out state-of-the-art and future perspectives regarding smart home applications. Thus, considering the developments in smart homes, this paper investigates smart home applications in literature and market, and conducts a systematic overview by considering energy management systems and numerical researches. A comprehensive survey of smart homes is carried out to evaluate their system configurations, functional capabilities, objectives, and hardware applications in this context. Management devices, field devices, tracking systems, small appliances, and communication devices are listed as the five major hardware in the current study. Furthermore, fundamental functions of smart homes are introduced as monitoring, data logging, control, alarm/caution, and management in the current study. Subsequently, state-of-the-art of smart home technology is given to investigate the numeric values of scientific research studies, the percentage values of studies in different discipline areas, the number of scientific studies according to the nations, and the numeric values of smart home appliances. According to the numerical results, it is clear that studies on smart homes/HEMS have increased exponentially after 2000 years. The percentage values of studies in different discipline areas and the number of studies conducted by the leading countries interested in smart homes/HEMS are conducted in this work. The current study also analyzes how the future perspective of smart home technology has been shaped over the years. According to the future perspectives, the numeric values show that the number of smart home applications and their market value are expected to grow in the near future, where smart appliances and market budget are expected to be 75.4 billion units 262.8 billion dollars by 2025, respectively