Geluidsproducrie bij vogels

The syrinx plays an important role in the sound production of birds. Its most important structures are the labia and the lateral tympaniform membranes that produce sound by vibrating during expiration. Since the left and right sides of the syrinx are innervated independently from each other, two sound sources are present which can act either simultaneously or separately with one side acting as sound source and the other side as air inlet. The bird's song is generated in specific neural brain centres via a seamless synchronization of the respiration and the muscles of the upper respiratory tract, the trachea and the syrinx. Hormones also play a role by influencing the volume of the brain centres in relation to the season. The acquisition of the bird's song starts with a sensory phase in which the juvenile bird learns the species specific song, and is followed by a sensorimotor phase during which the young bird fine-tunes its song via auditory feedback