Aortic Valve Surgery After Neonatal Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty in Congenital Aortic Stenosis

Background:We sought to identify predictive factors for aortic valve (AoV) surgery after neonatal balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) and characterize clinical outcomes of AoV surgery after neonatal BAV.Methods:Time-to-event analysis identified predictors for AoV surgery after neonatal BAV. Clinical outcomes of AoV surgery following neonatal BAV were examined.Results:This study included 96 consecutive patients who underwent neonatal BAV for congenital aortic stenosis between 1998 and 2018, in 26 of whom a fetal BAV had been performed. Fifty-six patients underwent AoV surgery at a median age of 2.0 years. Significant risk factors for AoV surgery in univariate Cox regression (result presented as hazard ratio [HR], [95% CI]; P value) were a history of fetal BAV (HR, 4.05 [95% CI, 2.19-7.40]; P