Since China’s presence in Latin America, there have been ongoing debates on what drives Chinese commercial activities in the region. Yet, there is little consensus on the institutional impact on Chinese economic engagement with Latin America. Using panel data for Sino-Latin American bilateral trade and Chinese outward FDI in the region, this empirical study applies the extended gravity model to test whether institutions and institutional distances, measured by the Worldwide Governance Indicators, the Index of Economic Freedom and Hofstede's national culture dimensions, foster or hinder economic activities. The findings show that institutions matter but they impact bilateral trade and Chinese FDI in different ways. I also challenge the conve...