Role of BRAF V600E Mutation in Papillary Thyroid Cancer

Talking about thyroid carcinomas leaves a fairly wide slope, in which it should be considered not only the variants and their clinical frequency, but the mutant genetic finding that gives preamble to the malignancy, its clinical variability, histological as well as the prognosis. It is important to note that the most frequent thyroid carcinoma in the population is papillary, with an index greater than 80% of all cases, being rare in pediatrics. The papillary thyroid subtype is the result of one of two possible alterations affecting the genes encoding tyrosine kinase, either in the RET gene of chromosome 10q11 or in the BRAF gene, by an early mutation in the MAP kinase signaling pathway. Statistically, it is known that the mutation in the BRAF gene represents most of the alterations that give rise to papillary thyroid carcinoma, and in turn, this BRAF gene presents an alteration in the amino acid 600, which gives rise to the BRAF 600E gene. That is why, in this research work focuses on the role BRAF V600E and papillary thyroid carcinoma, from the pathogenic mechanism that gives rise to the mutation, the genetic location of the mutation. Clinical and histopathological relationship with the BRAF mutation as well as prognosis and certain related complications are mentioned