Stock Valuation : A study of the valuation models that are mainly used by financial analysts in banking 

Introduction: Analysts worldwide valuates stocks and companies by using different valuation models. The models are used to calculate how much public company’s stocks are worth and to identify whether stocks are over- or undervalued. Objective: The objective of this essay is to study which valuation models are mainly used by financial analysts in Swedish banks. The purpose is also to study how reliable these models are considered. Method: The empirical study is based on a qualitative approach through interviews with financial analysts. The study includes both primary data (interviews) and secondary data (literature, websites and scientific articles) Theory: The theory chapter includes methods of analysis (fundamental and technical analysis), Valuation models, components of valuation and an example of a valuation with the Discounted cash flow model. Empirical study: The study includes a qualitative research that consists of interviews with financial analysts. The study has been narrowed down to five of Sweden’s leading banks, which are: Avanza Bank, Nordea, Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken, Svenska Handelsbanken, and Swedbank. Conclusion: Results of the empirical study shows similarities in opinions of the analysts interviewed. All of the analysts mainly use the same valuation model, which is the Discounted cash flow model (DCF). Multiples and other components of valuation are also frequently used. In terms of reliability, the analysts claimed that valuation models can, in many aspects, be unreliable