CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL SUBSTANTIATION FOR COMPLEX TREATMENT STAGING IN PATIENTS WITH THE TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISK DISPLACEMENT WITH REDUCTION OF BITE PATHOLOGY AND THE HYPERTONICITY OF THE MASTICATORY MUSCLES

Aim of investigation: substantiation of the complex treatment phasing of patients with the temporomandibular joint disk displacement with reduction in case of bite pathology and hypertonicity of masticatory muscles. Methods. The clinical evaluation, radiological, electromyographic, and gnathological examination of 74 patients with the reduced temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disk displacement in case of occlusion pathology and chewing muscles hypertonicity have been carried out in the treatment planning and implementation from 2016 to 2018. In order to normalize the function of masticatory muscles at the first stage of treatment, relaxing splint and drug therapy were applied. The effectiveness of the chewing muscles hypertonicity correction was evaluated under electromyography control. The installation of braces for correction of malocclusion was performed after the electromyography signs normalization, reducing the frequency, severity of clicks in the TMJ and the absence of subjective complaints of discomfort or pain. Results and discussion. After the improvement of anatomical and functional relationships, planned orthodontic treatment was carried out, during which no disorders of the temporomandibular joints were revealed. The inclusion of relaxation splint for malocclusion and masticatory muscles hypertonicity, combined with the reduction of the joint disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint in the complex therapy is aimed at preventing the development of secondary osteoarthritis and blockage of the articular disc of the TMJ