Methodological Proposal for the Hydraulic Design of Labyrinth Weirs

A labyrinth weir allows for higher discharge capacity than conventional linear weirs, especially at low hydraulic heads. In fact, this is an alternative for the design or rehabilitation of spillways. It can even be used as a strategy in problems related to dam safety. A sequential design method for a labyrinth weir is based on optimal geometric parameters and the results of discharge flow analysis using Computational Fluid Dynamics and the experimental studies reported in the literature. The tests performed were for weirs with values of HT/P ≤ 0.8 and for angles of the cycle sidewall of 6° ≤ α ≤ 20°. The results of the discharge coefficient are presented as a family of curves, which indicates a higher discharge capacity when HT/P ≤ 0.17. Four aeration conditions are identified with higher discharge capacity when the nappe is adhering to the downstream face of the weir wall and lower discharge capacity when the nappe is drowned. Unstable flow was present when 12° ≤ α ≤ 20°, with a greater presence when the nappe was partially aerated and drowned. The interference of the nappe is characterized and quantified, reaching up to 60% of the length between the apex, and a family of curves is presented as a function of HT/P in this respect. Finally, a spreadsheet and a flowchart are proposed to support the design of the labyrinth type weir