This PhD thesis deals with the development of new gold(I)-catalyzed reactions involving a hydrogen atom as a formal hydride, and as an intramolecular nucleophile to promote a C-H functionalization and the formation of new carbon-carbon bonds. The Chapter 1 and 2 describe the recent developments in the homogeneous gold catalysis and the C-H bond functionalization strategies, particularly those in which a 1,5-hydride shift takes part. The Chapter 3 gives details of the synthesis of polysubstituted allenes. This new method is based on the activation of a propargyl benzyl ether by a gold(I) complex which promotes a 1,5-hydride shift/fragmentation sequence and produces a molecule of allene. This represents a new access route to very popular skel...