An analysis of Zaikai influence in Japanese telecommunication liberalization

On April 1, 1985, legislation was enacted in Japan which made it the world's third liberalized telecommunications market. While much has already been written in English concerning the American and British experience in liberalization, very little examination has been given to the forces leading to such policy reform in Japan. Moreover, almost no scholarly study to date has analyzed the influence of Japanese big business (zaikai) in the evolution of this new telecommunications environment. [...]Communication, Jack J. Valenti School o