Determinants of Nepalese hog plum (Choerospondias axillaris Roxb.) production in Sindhupalchok, Nepal

AbstractNepali hog plum (Choerospondias axillaris Roxb.) is a multipurpose agroforestry fruit tree grown in hilly regions of Nepal for livelihood and income generation in rural households. The research was conducted in 2019 to assess the determinants of the Nepalese hog plum/Lapsi sub-sector in Sindhupalchok district. Three major lapsi-producing areas, namely, Chautara Municipality, Indrawati Rural Municipality and Melamchi Municipality were selected for research with a sample size of 150 producers. In addition, focused group discussions with producers/collectors and rapid market appraisal with traders were used as survey tools. Chi square test and one way ANOVA were used to analyze and compare mean among the geographical area. Indexing and multiple regression model were also used to analyse problems and factors affecting household income. The average variable cost involved in Lapsi production was 4.93 Nepalese Rupees (NRs.) (0.042 United States Dollar (USD)) per kilogram whereas the total cost for producing fresh Lapsi fruits was NRs. 5 (0.042 USD) per kilogram. Benefit-cost ratio was found 2.79 at the farm level. The major problems faced by producers were non-bearing trees followed by lack of improved production technology and low production. Likewise, the major marketing problem identified were low bargaining capacity followed by low selling price and lack of market and collection center. Significant factors affecting the income were gender of household, adoption of value addition practices, attitude towards this business, involvement of household members, literacy, gender-based decision, type of house and experience