What is the origin of macroeconomic fluctuations? In the late XXth century, Ben Bernanke first introduced the so-called "small shocks, large business cycles" puzzle as the seeming incompatibility between small fluctuations observed at granular levels of the economy (small shocks) and large macroeconomic fluctuations (large business cycles). As an example, the Unites States’ GDP displays a steady average yearly growth rate of around 3% but with fluctuations reaching 2.7%. The conundrum is that most of this volatility cannot be linked to known exogeneous crises, such as oil shocks or the 2008 financial crisis, and must therefore be of endogeneous origin, i.e. generated by the economy itself. Numerous explanations have been proposed, the most ...