Coaxial electrospun PCL/Gelatin-MA fibers as scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering

Coaxial electrospinning is a technique that allows the production of nanofibers with a core–shell structure. Such fibers present several advantages as materials for the preparation of scaffolds, namely due to the possibility of combining a core with the desired mechanical properties with a shell prepared from biocompatible materials that will establish proper interactions with the host. Herein, core-shell fibrous meshes, composed of a polycaprolactone (PCL) core and a functionalized gelatin shell, were prepared by coaxial electrospinning and then photocrosslinked under UV light aiming to be used in vascular tissue regeneration. The suitability of the meshes for the pretended biomedical application was evaluated by assessing their chemical/physical properties as well as their haemo and biocompatibility in vitro. The obtained results revealed that meshes’ shell prepared with a higher content of gelatin showed fibers with diameters presenting a unimodal distribution and a mean value of 600 nm. Moreover, those fibers with higher content of gelatin also displayed lower water contact angles, and therefore higher hydrophilicities. Such features are crucial for the good biologic performance displayed by these meshes, when in contact with blood and with Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts cells.