Characterization of Metabolomic Profile Associated with Metabolic Improvement after Bariatric Surgery in Subjects with Morbid Obesity.

The exact impact of bariatric surgery in metabolically "healthy" (MH) or "unhealthy" (MU) phenotypes for the study of the metabolic improvement is still unknown. We applied an untargeted LC-ESI-TripleTOF-MS-driven metabolomics approach in serum samples from 39 patients with morbid obesity (MH and MU) 1, 3, and 6 months after bariatric surgery. Multiple factor analysis, along with correlation and enrichment analyses, was carried out to distinguish those metabolites associated with metabolic improvement. Hydroxypropionic acids, medium-/long-chain hydroxy fatty acids, and bile acid glucuronides were the most discriminative biomarkers of response between MH and MU phenotypes. Hydroxypropionic (hydroxyphenyllactic-related) acids, amino acids, and glycerolipids were the most significant clusters of metabolites altered after bariatric surgery in MU (