Immunomodulation of NK Cells under Ionizing Radiation

Natural killer (NK) cells are the effector lymphocytes of the innate immune system and control many types of tumors and microbial infections. Ionizing radiation (IR) has a pronounced effect on NK cells. However, the role of NK cells in radiotherapy remains elusive. In this chapter, we summarized the direct and indirect effects of ionizing radiation on NK cells. Low doses of ionizing radiation can enhance the toxic effects of NK cells. In contrast, high doses of ionizing radiation will lead to functional impairment of NK cells. In addition, under ionizing radiation, NK cells are also modulated by other immune cells. Overall, combining NK cell therapy and radiation therapy can improve the efficacy of oncology treatment