Effect of Municipal Solid Waste Slag on the Durability of Cementitious Composites in Terms of Resistance to Freeze–Thaw Cycling

The article presents durability results for cement mortars made with the addition of slag from municipal waste incineration plants as a replacement for natural aggregate. The undertaken durability tests included frost resistance tests and evaluation of strength, microstructure, water absorption and abrasiveness before and after 150 freeze–thaw cycles. The work reveals that MSWI slag in amounts up to 50 vol. % caused deterioration in the workability and water absorption of cement mortars, regardless of the type of cement used. This, in turn, resulted in a reduction in the compressive and flexural strengths of the composites compared to mortars made with sand alone. Nevertheless, the use of a higher grade of cement, CEM I 52.5 R, resulted in an increase in compressive strength and thus increased the mortars’ frost and abrasion resistance. In addition, after the induced freeze–thaw cycles, mortars made with MSWI slag showed comparable or higher frost and abrasion resistance than those made using natural aggregate