Diagnosis in adulthood and masking : experiences of autistic adults

The thesis is composed of three chapters. Chapter one is a meta-ethnographic review of eight research studies exploring the experience of individuals who receive a diagnosis of Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in adulthood. Two meta-themes emerged: Feeling “like an alien” and The “not guilty” verdict each with three associated subthemes. The findings have important clinical implications which indicate the need for timely diagnosis and provision of post-diagnostic support. Future research directions are also indicated. Chapter two is an empirical qualitative study exploring how attending a social group for autistic adults influences their masking. A Constructivist Grounded Theory (CGT) approach was used to analyse the interviews of ten participants and develop a theoretical model of their experiences. Central to the model was the core concept of Masking developed through internal and external factors influencing the individual. The model includes three categories which contribute to an individual’s use of masking: Motivating Factors, The Social Group and Consequences. The findings have important clinical implications which indicate the need for more opportunities for autistic people to ‘unmask’, however this is reliant on access to peer support or environments which are accepting and understanding. Future research directions are also indicated. Chapter three is a reflective review which explores the author’s journey through the research process. Using concepts from Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) the author has considered how different stages of the process influenced their position as an academic and clinician, as well as personally. The reflective account has been guided by a research journal kept throughout the research process and a reflective journal written over the course of training. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the author’s personal and professional growth and commitment to values-guided behaviours