Physiological responses of traditional common bean cultivars to drought

Suša je najvažniji abiotski stres u proizvodnji graha (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) koji je jedna je od najčešće uzgajanih kultura u svijetu. Cilj rada je bio istovremenim mjerenjem provodljivosti puči i klorofilne fluorescencije pratiti fiziološke promjene kod različitih tradicijkih kultivara graha te pomoću promjena tih parametara procjeniti njihovu otpornost na stres suše. Za pokus su se koristila četiri tradicijska kultivara graha, 'Biser', 'Puter', 'Trešnjevac' i 'Zelenčec' koji su uzgojeni iz sjemena. Nakon razvijenog prvog pravog lista, 10 biljaka svakog kultivara presađeno u posude s pijeskom te je zaliveno. Biljke kontrole (polovica biljaka) su konstantno zalijevane dok je kod biljaka tretmana suše zalijevanje izostavljeno tijekom 10 dana. Svaka 2 dana mjereni su parameti provodljivosti puči (gsw), provodljivost graničnog sloja lista (gbw), ukupna provodljivost puči (gtw), intenzitet transpiracije (E), efektivna efikasnost fotosustava PSII (ΦPSII) i intenzitet transporta elektrona (ETR) uz pomoć porometra/fluorometra LI-COR LI-600. Rezultati ukazuju da je kultivar Biser otporniji na sušu u usporedbi s ostalim istrživanim tradicijskim kultivarima jer je u tretmanu suše zadržao veću provodljivost puči, viši intenzitet trasnpiracije te veći ETR.Drought is the most important abiotic stress in the production of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), which is one of the most cultivated crops in the world. The aim of this study was to monitor physiological changes in different traditional bean cultivars by simultaneous measuring shoot conductivity and chlorophyll fluorescence and using these changes to assess the resistance of different cultivars under drought stress conditions. Four traditional common bean cultivars were used for the experiment: 'Biser', 'Puter', 'Trešnjevac' and 'Zelenčec' which are grown from seed. After the first leaf developed, 10 plants of each cultivar were transplanted into containers with sand and watered. The control plants (half of the plants) were constantly watered, while the drought treatment plants were not watered for 10 days. Stomatal conductance (gsw), boundary layer conductance (gbw), total stomatal conductance (gtw), transpiration (E), effective quantum yield of PSII (ΦPSII) and electron transport rate (ETR) were measured every 2 days with the LI-COR LI-600 porometer/fluorometer. The results show that the cv. Biser is more drought resistant compared to the other studied traditional cultivars, because it maintained higher stomatal conductivity, higher transpiration rate and higher ETR in the drought treatment