Application of microservice architecture in development of applications for e-business

U ovom radu obrađeni su koncepti relativno nove, mikroservisne arhitekture. Zbog velike tehnološke razlike i napretka posljednjih desetak godina, industrija je u nastojanjima da želje korisnika što bolje i brže ispunjava razvila koncept novog načina razvoja aplikacija, a to je upravo mikroservisnom arhitekturom koja omogućava bržu isporuku, stabilniji sustav, lakše testiranje i nadogradnju te mogućnost ponovne upotrebe komponenti. Mikroservisi nisu normirani i nemaju svoja striktna pravila, ali je jasno kako se u ovoj arhitekturi aplikacija dijeli na manje dijelove koji se mogu samostalno pokretati, testirati i nadograđivati. Iako ovaj stil nudi već spomenute prednosti, neki od nedostataka ovakvog stila su složenost integracije puno malih dijelova, teže razumijevanje čitavog sustava budući da može biti napisan u različitim tehnologijama, a to otežava i održavanje sustava, potreba za posebnom komponentom koja nadzire čitav sustav te resursima mreže kojom se prenose podaci. Neki od izazova ove arhitekture mogu biti lako riješeni korištenjem već postojećih rješenja u čijoj se implementaciji trenutno ističu platforme Kubernetes i Spring Cloud. One nude rješenja za konfiguriranje sustava, otkrivanje mikroservisa, uravnoteženje opterećenja mikroservisa, praćenje metrika čitavog sustava te napredna rješenja za otpornost na kvarove. Na primjeru razvijene aplikacije za izvješća u kontekstu e-poslovanja koja se temelji na mikroservisnoj arhitekturi pokazane su dobre prakse i koncepti ovog stila razvijanja. Aplikacija se sastoji od četiri mikroservisa, a korišteni su različiti programski jezici i razvojni okviri. Posebna pažnja posvećena je mogućnosti skaliranja aplikacije te buduće nadogradnje.In this work the concepts of relatively new, microservice architecture are explored. Due to the great technological difference and progress of the last ten years, the industry has developed the concept of a new way of application development in an effort to fulfill the wishes of users as well as possible, namely a microservice architecture that enables faster delivery, more stable system, easier testing and upgrades. Microservices are not standardized and do not have their own strict rules, but it is clear that in this architecture the application is divided into smaller parts that can be independently run, tested and upgraded. Although this style offers the advantages already mentioned, some of the disadvantages of this style are the complexity of integrating many small parts, difficult to understand the whole system as it can be written in different technologies, and this makes system maintenance difficult, the need for a special component and data transmission network. Some of the challenges of this architecture can be easily solved by using already existing solutions in the implementation of which the Kubernetes and Spring Cloud platforms currently stand out. They offer solutions for system configuration, microservice detection, microservices load balancing, system-wide metric tracking, and advanced fault tolerance solutions. On the example of a developed application for reports in the context of e-business based on microservice architecture, good practices and concepts of this style of development are shown. The application consists of four microservices, and different programming languages and development frameworks were used. Special attention is paid to the possibility of scaling the application and future upgrades