Obrada vode za piće koagulacijom i filtracijom

Voda - H20 je anorganska tvar koja je u prirodi prisutna u tri agregatna stanja. Da bi se mogla koristiti kao voda za piće potrebno ju je pročistiti što uključuje razne mehaničke, fizikalne i kemijske postupke. Koloidi su nakupine atoma ili molekula koje se zbog male veličine i istovrsnog naboja odbijaju te se ne mogu taložite. Koagulacija je postupak u kojem se negativan naboj koloidnih čestica neutralizira dodatkom koagulanata, najčešće anorganskih spojeva aluminija i željeza ili dugolančanih molekula tzv. polielektrolita i pri tome je potrebno žustro miješanje a tokom flokulacije i sporog miješanja dolazi do nastanka flokula koje nakon što dosegnu optimalnu veličinu padaju na dno i talože se u obliku mulja. Ta dva procesa odvijaju se u akceleratorima. Iz akceleratora se bistra voda odvodi na sustav filtera, a mulj se zbrinjava uz dodatno pročišćavanje.Water is an inorganic substance found in nature in liquid, solid and gaseous form. For normal body function water is crucial just as food or air. Before using it for drinking purposes there must be mechanical, physical and chemical treatment. Colloids are agglomerates of atoms or molecules whose small sizes and the same negative charge prevent settling down. Coagulation is the unit process of applying inorganic ferric or alum salts or polyelectrolytes for the purpose of negative charge neutralization. Process flows with rapid mixing. As flocculations proceed, smaller flocs build into larger sizes until they reach an optimal point and settle in the form of sludge. Device for coagulation and flocculation is called an accelerator. As flocculation is finished, clean water must be filtered through filter systems while sludge is properly provided