Ethno-nationalism, Social (Dis)integration and Positioning towards the Ethnic »Other« in Multiethnic Areas in Croatia

U radu se analizira karakter veze između etnonacionalizma i (dez)integracije višeetničkih područja. U prvom se dijelu prezentiraju Delantyjev i O'Mahonyjev model polja nacionalističkog djelovanja te Brubakerov kognitivistički pristup. Autor smatra da ti teorijski pristupi mogu objasniti uzroke nejednakih iskustava dezintegracije višeetničkih područja nastalih u kontekstu etničkih napetosti u širem okruženju. U drugom se dijelu rada, na osnovi podataka prikupljenih metodom ankete u šest višeetničkih gradova/općina Hrvatske, testiraju hipoteze izvedene iz spomenutih teorijskih pristupa. Rezultati pokazuju da je otvorenost etničkih granica u svim mjerenim aspektima viša u područjima koja nisu doživjela značajnu društvenu dezintegraciju nego u onima koja jesu. Naslanjajući se na prezentirane teorijske pretpostavke, nalaze postojećih istraživanja i rezultate ovog istraživanja, zaključuje se da upravo produkti dinamike polja društvenog i političkog djelovanja, a ne karakteristike etničkih skupina same po sebi, oblikuju nejednaka iskustva (dez)integracije višeetničkih područja.The paper analyzes the link between ethno-nationalism and (dis)integration of multiethnic areas. The first section presents Delanty’s & O'Mahony’s Fields of Nationalist Activity Model and Brubaker’s Cognitive perspective. The author deems that these theoretical approaches can explain the causes of unequal experience of (dis)integration of multiethnic areas arising from the context of ethnic tensions in the wider region. In the second section of the paper, the hypotheses derived from the mentioned theoretical approaches were tested using data collected in a survey that was conducted on a sample from six multiethnic Croatian cities/municipalities. The results show that the openness of ethnic boundaries in all of the measured aspects was greater in the areas that have not experienced significant social disintegration compared to those that have. Taking into account the presented theoretical assumptions, findings from the previous research and the results of this study, it was concluded that different experiences of (dis)integration of multiethnic areas were not formed by the characteristics of ethnic groups per se, but rather by the dynamics of social and political fields of activity