Morphology features of the suffixal slang adverbs in the Lithuanian language: hybrid suffixcal derivatives -ai formed from the suffixal adjectives -iškas and from the primary adjectives

Įprastai skolinių tyrimuose daugiausiai dėmesio skiriama daiktavardžiams, būdvardžiams, veiksmažodžiams. Atskirų, skirtų kiekvienai kalbos daliai, sisteminių ir išsamių lietuvių kalbos žargono leksikos tyrimų nėra. Straipsnyje morfologiškai analizuojami priesagos -ai hibridiniai prieveiksmiai iš būdvardžių su priesaga -iškas ir nepriesaginių būdvardžių: aptariama jų daryba ir kaityba (laipsniavimas). Medžiaga (79 prieveiksmiai) rinkta iš Lietuvių kalbos žargono ir nenorminės leksikos žodyno. Tyrimu siekiama nustatyti sistemiškas ypatybes, darybines analogijas, kurios yra perimamos iš bendrinės kalbos sistemos. Tiriamieji žodžiai klasifikuojami pagal darybinio pamato priesagas, atliekama sisteminė analizė, kuria siekiama išgryninti vyraujančius darybinius modelius. Raktažodžiai: prieveiksmiai; žargonas; žargoniniai hibridai; daryba.This article is one part of the research of adverbs in Lithuanian slang. Although there is no systematic and comprehensive research into the Lithuanian language slang, slang is commonly believed to be chaotic and have no grammatical system. The purpose of this article is to morphologically examine the derivatives formed with suffix -ai from the adjectives with suffix -iškas and from the primary adjectives without suffixes. The material (79 adverbs) is collected from the dictionary of Lithuanian slang and the dictionary of non-standard Lithuanian. The study aims to identify the systematic morphological features. To achieve the aim the research words are classified according to their suffixes, their origin is determined and morphological analysis is performed. The research reveals that a foreign language unit that emerges in the context of another language undergoes assimilation - it is transformed in one way or another by adapting it to the linguistic system. In Lithuanian slang, adverbs with the suffix -ai are mostly made up from hybrid adjectives of Russian origin with the suffix -iškas. There is also a number of adverbs formed from English hybrid adjectives. A few are derived from semantically neologic adjectives. The majority of suffixal -ai derivatives that are formed from primary adjectives are Russian origin. Adverbs which are derived from the adjectives with the suffix -iškas always retain the accent in the root: this pattern is common to all slang adverbs. All forms of adverbial degrees have accented suffixes. The findings of the reseach reveal that the morphological features of the studied slang adverbs have undergone certain transformations and follow the regularities of the Lithuanian language system: the slang adverbs copy derivative models of the standard language. Keywords: word formation; adverbs; slang; slang hybrid