AN ANALYSIS OF REFERENCE IN OPRAH WINFREY SPEECH TEXT IN GOLDEN GLOBE AWARDS (DISCOURSE ANALYSIS STUDY)

This study aimed to identify the types of reference and its function that was used in Oprah Winfrey speech in Golden Globe Awards using discourse analysis approach. This study applied descriptive qualitative as a method in analyzing the reference words contained in Oprah Winfrey Speech. The data were analyzed by using Haliday & Hasan theory. The results of this research showed that there were three types of reference which were used by Oprah Winfrey in her speech. Those types were personal reference, demonstrative reference, and comparative reference. The pronouns that used by Oprah Winfrey were mostly referred to herself and the women. It indicated that the content of her speech was mostly told about women. Related to the function of reference, the pronouns that used by Oprah Winfrey had three functions of reference. Those were exophoric, cataphoric, and anaphoric reference. Exophoric reference showed the things outside the text. It was depending on the context where the speech was delivered. Anything which was being discussed and also known by Oprah Winfrey and the audiences were regarded as exophoric reference. Therefore, the pronouns which referred to Oprah Winfrey, the audiences, and some things known by both of them were categorized as exophoric reference. The amount of exophoric reference was 62 words with the percentage 49 %. Besides, anaphoric reference was used by Oprah Winfrey to refer the things which came in the preceding text. It occurred 43 times with the percentage 34%. Meanwhile, cataphoric reference was used by Oprah Winfrey to refer the things which came after the sentence. It had frequencies 21 times with the percentage 17%. Because of anaphoric and cataphoric explained the things before and after the sentence, it meant that between one sentence and another one had correlation. Therefore, the speech delivered by Oprah Winfrey had a good formation that led to become a good speech. Furthermore, a good text formation in Oprah Winfrey speech made her speech became a meaningful. Keywords : discourse analysis, cohesion, reference, Oprah Winfrey speec