Vliv kvality kukuřičné siláže na mléčnou užitkovost dojnic

With the ever-increasing demands on milk yield, it is necessary that the present feed is of the highest quality and contains the required nutrients. To fulfill these requirements, the bulk feeds produced, especially maize silage, must be healthy and of the highest quality. The bachelor thesis was divided into two parts. In the first, thus theoretical part, are generally discussed about the silage process and related terms, such as ensilability or silage. However, the majority part of it is devoted to technological silage processes. Following these processes means healthy and high-quality feed. These processes include mainly covering, compactining, filling silage pits and more. From a qualitative point of view, it is important to control the dry matter content, the length of the cut and the degree of grain crushing. Failure of following the recommended the optimal values may mean a degradation of the fermentation process or the occurrence of undesirable microorganisms in the final feed. In a result, the utility and reproductive properties are worsen. The health of the animals may also be worsen. Preservatives can be used to improve the fermentation process and keeping constant aerobic stability during feeding. The end of the theoretical part is devoted to nutrition and feeding techniques of dairy cows, specifically mixed feed ration (TMR), rumen fermentation and milk yield. The practical part was carried out on a dairy farm in Pernarec, which is part of the Úněšovského statku a.s., which agricultural in the northern part of Plzeň. Here were evaluated the annual milk yields and the factors that influence them. The majority part is devoted to the analysis of corn silage and the preparation of TMR. Next were evaluated the qualitative composition of silages and the precision of TMR preparation in relation to the economics of milk production. The possible effect of the weather on milk yield and quality of corn silages was also taken account. Monitored and evaluated were data in the years 2018 - 2021