Ověření účinnosti filtrace přes granulové uhlí při odstraňování mikropolutantů na vybraných úpravnách pitné vody

My bachelor thesis is called Verification of filtration efficiency through granular carbon in removal of micropollutants in selected drinking water treatment plants. The aim of this work was to determine the efficiency of granular activated carbon (GAC) filters in connection with other technological processes (especially with ozonisation). Passive samplers (POCISs) were installed at the drinking water treatment plants in Pilsen and in Plav during spring and autumn 2019. Moreover, grab water samples were taken in the first and last day of POCIS deployment. Concentrations of selected pesticides and pharmaceuticals were determined by a liquid chromatography with a tandem mass spectrometry in a laboratory LECHB Vodňany. In particular, the results of the analysis showed the occurrence of telmisartan and metabolites of metazachlor (metazachlor ESA and metazachlor OA) and metolachlor (metolachlor ESA) in raw water. Telmisartan was reduced in final water unlike metazachlor ESA, which seemed to be problematic in final water in the spring campaign at drinking water treatment plant in Pilsen. The results also confirmed the occurrence of atrazine and its metabolites in raw water. Furthermore, elevated concentrations of some compounds were found before the GAC filters than in the inlet to the drinking water treatment plants. The concentrations of these compounds were lower in the outlet than before GAU filters. The removal efficiency was calculated not only for all compounds together but also for each compound individually. Evaluation showed higher total removal efficiency at drinking water treatment plant in Pilsen, where the removal efficiency was 99 % in the autumn campaign, while in the spring campaign removal efficiency was only 61 %. The reason for this difference could be deactivated ozonisation during the spring campaign. This result demonstrates possibility of high removal efficiency of micropollutants for ozonisation followed by GAC filtration. Removal efficiency for drinking water treatment plant Plav was set as 46 % in the spring campaign and 67 % in the autumn campaign. The reason for these low removal efficiencies may be missing of ozonisation in treatment technology at this drinking water treatment plant