The value of green-spaces in built-up areas for western hedgehogs

With ongoing urbanisation an increasing number of wildlife species face rising levels of pressure dueto habitat loss and fragmentation. The impact of urbanisation on species has been mainly investigated for avianlife. It is however less well known how urban dwelling mammals are affected. The western hedgehog (Erinaceuseuropaeus) is closely associated with built-up areas and has recently been included in the UK Biodiversity ActionPlan, as a result of evidence of significant decline in Great Britain. We studied the presence of western hedge-hogs and other mammals in green-spaces in built-up areas throughout Great Britain using effort-based volunteersurveys. We used these data to investigate which factors were associated with variations in relative abundance ofhedgehogs in urbanised landscapes, and to draw conclusions on which mitigation measures might benefit hedge-hogs and other mammal populations. The present study suggests that the presence of wildlife friendly features,such as a hedgehog nest box and feeders, attract western hedgehogs to gardens. The presence of predators hada significant negative impact on the relative abundance of western hedgehogs in built-up areas in countrysideregions. The lack of connectivity between patches of suitable habitat caused by barriers such as large water-bodiesand impenetrable fences also restricted hedgehog abundance. The need for the incorporation of good environmen-tal management, with consideration for habitat connectivity, in development planning seems to be crucial for theviability of hedgehog populations in built-up areas. Awareness amongst the public of the possibilities to increasethe attractiveness of private gardens for wildlife might also increase the viability of wildlife in harsh environ-ments