Ribonucleotides (rNMPs) are the main non-canonical nucleotides into genomic DNA. Embedded rNMPs in DNA can be used as a positive signal. However, if rNMPs are not removed from the DNA they can cause genomic instabilities.One of the main rNMP incorporation source into DNA are the DNA polymerases of the three domains of life. Our models, the Archaea Pyrococcus abyssi and Thermococcus barophilus possess 2 replicative DNA polymerases belonging to the Bfamily (PolB) and the D-family (PolD). We aimed to study the removal mechanisms of embedded ribonucleotides in DNA. First, we studied the contribution of proofreading exonuclease activity of PolB and PolD on rNMP processing. The results indicate that the 3’-5’ exonuclease activity of PolD is more ...