International audienceWe propose to retrace, in a multidisciplinary perspective, the emergence of Prehistory in the Nord and Pas-de-Calais area, closely related to the development of Quaternary geology, considering the different researchers and amateur networks during the second part of XIXth century.Local learned societies contributed from the 1840’s onwards to the acceptance of human antiquity established by Boucher de Perthes. They also contributed to spread the example of the Somme Valley, leading to various searches in selected geographical contexts. Starting from 1860-70, prehistoric research has been shaped in this area by two personalities, each one having a different approach to the discipline and whose scientific interactions spre...