Special Topics in Neuroendocrinology Allopregnanolone: Pathophysiology, Effects on Mood, Emerging Treatments

KEY POINTS ● Allopregnanolone is a neurosteroid and metabolite of progesterone that has been shown to play a role in mood regulation. ● Low levels and rapid declines in this neurosteroid are associated with mood disorders such as those within the menstrual cycle, postpartum depression, chronic stress, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and major depression. Studies have also linked it to moodrelated aspects of addiction. ● Medications that increase allopregnanolone, such as serotonin reuptake inhibitors and Brexanolone, are correlated with improved symptoms. These medications represent established and newly developed drugs that increase its level and are currently used for treatments of mood disorders. ● Additional research into the relationship between allopregnanolone and mood regulation can provide promising new avenues for therapy