Elementary DMA design of looped water distribution networks with multiple sources

In this work, a novel methodology is presented to identify isolated DMAs (District Metered Areas) in a water distribution network having a large number of water sources, such as autonomous reservoirs, directly connected to the distribution network. The method proposed is based on graph theory. Initially, the network is subdivided to the least terms into elementary districts, areas of influence of each supply source. In a second step, the resulting elementary areas are conveniently coupled to form possible layouts of isolated DMAs solutions. The union process takes into account the size of districts and the overall network resilience. The method is effectively applied to a case study derived from a large real water distribution network