O aborto na concepção da Bioética Personalista de Elio Sgreccia

The ethical dilemma of abortion has always challenged and polarized human societies, given the complexity of issues that orbit around them. This article aims to analyze abortion in the light of Elio Sgreccia's personalistic bioethical theory (1928-2019), explained in his classic work Bioethics Manual: Fundamentals and Biomedical Ethics. The Italian bioethicist bases his vision against abortion, through a reflection centered on the human person, that is, on an ontologically based personalism, seeking to establish connections between modern science and Christian metaphysics. The primacy of the human person takes place from conception and transcends the mind-body dualism, because the human being, ontologically, is a unitality that cannot be reduced only to the psychic or bodily reality. It is concluded that abortion is a service against the dignity of human life, given its fundamental axiological value, wounding the sacredness of existence.The ethical dilemma of abortion has always challenged and polarized human societies, given the complexity of the issues around it. Abortion will be analyzed in the light of Elio Sgreccia's personalistic bioethical theory (1928-2019). The Italian bioethicist bases his view against abortion on a bioethical one centered on the human person, that is, on an ontologically grounded personalism, seeking to establish connections between modern science and Christian metaphysics, but going beyond religious fundamentalist dogmatism which obscures a more epistemologically rational reflection. Thus, truth must hover above any particular cosmovision. For personalist bioethics, the primacy of the human person comes from conception and transcends the mind-body dualism, because the human being, ontologically, is a unitality that cannot be reduced only to the psychic or bodily reality. Thus, abortion is a service against the dignity of human life, given its fundamental axiological value, wounding the sacredness of existence.O dilema ético do aborto sempre desafiou e polarizou as sociedades humanas, dada a complexidade de questões que orbitam ao seu redor. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o aborto à luz da teoria bioética personalista de Elio Sgreccia (1928-2019), explicitadas em sua clássica obra Manual de Bioética: Fundamentos e Ética Biomédica. O bioeticista italiano fundamenta sua visão contrária ao aborto, por meio de uma reflexão centrada na pessoa humana, ou seja, num personalismo ontologicamente fundamentado, buscando estabelecer conexões entre a ciência moderna e a metafísica cristã. O primado da pessoa humana se dá desde a concepção e transcende o dualismo mente-corpo, pois o ser humano, ontologicamente, é uma unitotalidade que não pode ser reduzida apenas à realidade psíquica ou à corporal. Conclui-se que o aborto é uma atentado contra a dignidade da vida humana, dado seu fundamental valor axiológico, ferindo a sacralidade da existência