Study of montmorillonite and cationic activators sistem rheological characteristic change mechanism

The aim of this work is to examine changes of the montmorillonite mineral rheological characteristics during its activation with sodium carbonate and magnesium hydroxy carbonate. In order to foresee the mechanism of these processes, it was necessary to study the following: The change of the rheological characteristics of the investigated system, i.e. viscosity and thixotropy, with respect to the initial montmorillonite and water system, structural changes caused by migration of Al3+ ions from the octaedric positions into the interlamellar region, by using the structural analysis methods and by monitoring the cation exchange capacity increase during the activation of this mineral, formation of the new anionic clay types, as well as their synthesis and structure in an independent system and formation and emergence of new structures during particle interaction, during which various products are created, in the form of "card house", "band type", "networked band type" or connected by a "latching" mechanism. The changes in rheological characteristics has been studied for the montmorillonite obtained from "Jelenkovac" bentonite by separating fractions smaller than 2 mu m, with Ca2+ and Mg2+ mostly being the exchangeable cations