From the intersection between political and intellectual history, the article reconstructs the position of the Peruvian clergyman and publicist Francisco de Paula González Vigil before the Inquisition, through the analysis of a selected corpus of his work in which he problematizes the relationship between liberalism, republicanism and religion in a transnational context. His reflections on the Inquisition are shown not only to evoke the colonial past but also the dilemmas of his age, as with his protests against the kidnapping of the Jewish boy Edgardo Mortara by the Holy Office in 1858. His attempt to place Catholicism within the framework of a republican liberal project resulted in the condemnation of the Roman Inquisition operating at th...