Kajian Filosofis terkait Perlindungan Ekspresi Budaya Tradisional oleh Rezim Hak Cipta

This paper aims to analyze the philosophical basis for the protection of Intellectual Property Rights together with the obstacles and challenges of protecting traditional cultural expressions in Copyright regime. To achieve this goal, this legal research method uses a normative legal writing method with analytical descriptive specifications. Based on the results of the discussion, it can be concluded that the classification of the protection of traditional Indonesian cultural expressions under Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright is not appropriate because there are conflicting characteristics between copyright and traditional cultural expressions. It is necessary to further examine which Intellectual Property regime is in line with traditional cultural expressions or the preparation of a sui generis system for the purpose of protecting Indonesian's traditional cultural expressions. The placement of the protection of traditional cultural expressions in the appropriate IPR regime or sui generis system is expected to be able to maximize the economic rights that will be received by the owner and/or custodian of traditional cultural expressions. Keywords: Traditional Cultural Expression, Philosophy, CopyrightTulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis landasan filosofi perlindungan Hak atas Kekayaan Intelektual serta hambatan dan tantangan perlindungan ekspresi budaya tradisional dalam lingkup Hak Cipta. Untuk memperoleh tujuan tersebut, metode penelitian hukum ini menggunakan metode penulisan hukum normatif dengan spesifikasi deskriptif analitis. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengelompokkan perlindungan ekspresi budaya tradisional Indonesia di bawah Undang-undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta tidaklah tepat karena terdapat pertentangan karakteristik antara hak cipta dengan ekspresi budaya tradisional. Perlu ditelaah lebih jauh rezim Hak atas Kekayaan Intelektual yang kriterianya sejalan dengan ekspresi budaya tradisional atau penyusunan sistem sui generis guna keperluan melindungi ekspresi budaya tradisional Indonesia. Penempatan perlindungan ekspresi budaya tradisional di rezim HAKI yang tepat atau sistem sui generis diharapkan akan mampu memaksimalkan hak ekonomi yang akan diterima oleh pemilik dan/atau kustodian ekspresi budaya tradisional. Kata kunci : Ekspresi Budaya Tradisional, Filosofi, Hak Cipt