A review of challenges and framework development for corrosion fatigue life assessment of monopile-supported horizontal-axis offshore wind turbines

Digital tools such as machine learning and the digital twins are emerging in asset management of offshore wind structures to address their structural integrity and cost challenges due to manual inspections and remote sites of offshore wind farms. The corrosive offshore environments and salt-water effects further increase the risk of fatigue failures in offshore wind turbines. This paper presents a review of corrosion fatigue research in horizontal-axis offshore wind turbines (HAOWT) support structures, including the current trends in using digital tools that address the current state of asset integrity monitoring. Based on the conducted review, it has been found that digital twins incorporating finite element analysis, material characterisation and modelling, machine learning using artificial neural networks, data analytics, and internet of things (IoT) using smart sensor technologies, can be enablers for tackling the challenges in corrosion fatigue (CF) assessment of offshore wind turbines in shallow and deep waters