Expertise was studied in cognitive psychology in order to understand the psychological mechanisms and the abilities involved in various areas of expertise. In the wine field, the few studies conducted on expertise suggest that the knowledge representation of experts is organized around “prototypes” derived from wines of different colours or grape varieties. The general purpose of this thesis was to address 1) theoretical questions about knowledge representation of wines among experts and novices, and 2) wine industry questions about Beaujolais wine perceptions. To this end, the effect of expertise on knowledge representations of wines was evaluated by comparing the performance of three different panels (experts, familiar novices and unfamil...