Abnormal uterine bleeding as a predictor for endometrial abnormalities, quick diagnosis of premalignant and malignant states and the impact of various risk factors

Approximately 30% of women will experience abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) during their lifetime. It is a common medical problem, with a direct influence on women's quality of life, utilization of health care resources, and costs. The aim of this study was to analyze the histopathological findings of the samples from dilatation and curettage (D&C) in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding and to determine the presence of certain risk factors (age, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, parity) in the examined groups. This was a prospective study including a total of 77 patients from the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics in PHI General Hospital Gevgelija, who underwent D&C in 2021. Data were collected through interviews and analysis of findings from histopathological analyses of samples obtained by D&C. The following anamnestic data were analyzed: age, parity, history of hypertension and diabetes. Weight and height were measured in all patients. The most common pathological change of the endometrium was endometrial polyp. The second most common histopathological diagnosis in premenopausal women was anovulatory bleeding vs. menopausal women who were secondly frequent diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia. Gynecological cancers were more common in menopausal age. Various anamnestic factors were differently related to various histopathological diagnoses. All patients that report abnormal uterine bleeding are diagnosed with endometrial abnormalities by TVUS and should undergo D&C for quick diagnosis of premalignant and malignant states of the genital tract. By reducing body weight, regulating hypertension and diabetes, the risk of the most severe pathological diagnosis is reduced