Exploring the Determinants of Residents’ Behavior towards Participating in the Sponge-Style Old Community Renewal of China: Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior

In recent years, sponge-style old community renewal (SOCR) has attracted considerable attention as an essential component of urban renewal and sponge city construction in China. As a new method of community governance, the government has increasingly valued residents’ participation in the SOCR. However, as a new concept, the SOCR has not been studied from the perspective of management, and there are few explorations of residents’ participation in the research field. Thus, this study aimed to explore the determinants of residents’ behavior toward participating in the SOCR of China based on the extended theory of planned behavior (TPB), which will further promote residents’ engagement in the SOCR. Data from 1657 respondents were analyzed using the structural equation model (SEM) to verify the direct or indirect relationship between potential variables. The results show that residents’ participation cognition (RPC), attitude (RPA), and intention (RPI) all significantly affect residents’ participation behavior (RPB). The RPC can not only have an indirect impact on the RPB by influencing the RPA but also have an indirect impact on the RPB through the RPA and the RPI. This research not only expands the application boundary of the TPB but also enriches the knowledge system of residents’ participation and the SOCR. Several practical implications for promoting residents’ participation are obtained in the context of the SOCR projects