Peritumoral Brain Edema in Relation to Tumor Size Is a Variable That Influences the Risk of Recurrence in Intracranial Meningiomas

Peritumoral brain edema (PBE) is common in intracranial meningiomas (IM) and can increase their morbidity. It is not uncommon for a neurosurgeon to confront meningiomas with a large proportion of PBE independently from the site and size of the contrast-enhancing lesion with increased surgical risks. We performed a retrospective review of 216 surgically-treated patients suffering from IM. We recorded clinical, biological, and radiological data based on the rate of tumor and edema volume and divided the patients into a group with high Edema/Tumor ratio and a group with a low ratio. We investigated how the ratio of edema/lesion may affect the outcome. Multivariate analysis was performed for the two groups. Smokers were found to be more likely to belong to the high-rate group. The edema/tumor ratio did not affect the surgical radicality; however, independently of the biological sub-type, WHO grading, and EOR, a higher frequency of recurrence is shown in patients with a high edema/tumor ratio (70.5% vs. 8.4%. p < 0.01). There is evidence to suggest that the blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage from smoke could play a role in an increased volume of PBE. The present study demonstrates that IMs showing a high PBE ratio to tumor volume at diagnosis are associated with a smoking habit and a higher incidence of recurrence independently of their biological type and grading