Landslide Susceptibility Modeling Using Remote Sensing Data and Random SubSpace-Based Functional Tree Classifier

In this study, a random subspace-based function tree (RSFT) was developed for landslide susceptibility modeling, and by comparing with a bagging-based function tree (BFT), classification regression tree (CART), and Naïve-Bayes tree (NBTree) Classifier, to judge the performance difference between the hybrid model and the single models. In the first step, according to the characteristics of the geological environment and previous literature, 12 landslide conditioning factors were selected, including aspect, slope, profile curvature, plan curvature, elevation, topographic wetness index (TWI), lithology, and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), land use, soil, distance to river and distance to the road. Secondly, 328 historical landslides were randomly divided into a training group and a validation group in a ratio of 70/30, and the important analysis of landslide points and conditional factors was carried out using the functional tree (FT) model. In the third step, all data are loaded into FT, RSFT, BFT, CART, and NBTree models for the generation of landslide susceptibility maps (LSM). Comparisons were made by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) to determine efficiency and effectiveness. According to the verification results, the five models selected this time all perform reasonably, but the RSFT model has the highest prediction rate (AUC = 0.838), which is better than the other three single machine learning models. The results of this study also demonstrated that the hybrid model generally improves the predictive power of the benchmark landslide susceptibility models