Effect of Deoxidizing and Alloying Routes on the Evolution of Non-Metallic Inclusions in 55SiCr Spring Steel

Compared to the conventional deoxidation process with Al or Si-Mn for 55SiCr spring steel production, the possibility of using a Si-Ca-Ba compounded deoxidizer to control the behavior of non-metallic inclusions in spring steel was explored in this study. The effect of the addition sequence of deoxidizer and alloys into molten steel on the morphology, size, and composition of the inclusions was emphatically studied at 1873 K (1600 °C) using a high-temperature electric resistance furnace. The results indicate that adding alloy first can form less harmful inclusions in steel, which are roughly spherical and smaller than 3 μm in diameter, and its inclusion evolution path is MnO-SiO2-Al2O3→CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 and CaO-Al2O3-MgO. While adding deoxidizer first, the inclusions in steel are harmful due to its mostly irregular geometry and relatively large size over 5 μm. The inclusion evolution path is Fe-O→CaO-Al2O3(-SiO2) and CaO-Al2O3-MgO. The formation and evolution mechanism of inclusions under different addition sequences were discussed. In addition, the solubility limits of MgO from refractory into steel were studied to inhibit its corrosion by molten steel