Thermodynamic Modeling of the Ag-Cu-Sn Ternary System

In this work, combined with previous assessments of the Ag-Cu, Ag-Sn and Cu-Sn binary systems, thermodynamic modeling of the Ag-Cu-Sn ternary system was performed using the CALPHAD method using the reported phase diagram data and thermodynamic data. The solution phases including Liquid, fcc, bcc, hcp, bct(Sn) and diamond(Sn) were modeled as substitutional solutions and their excess Gibbs energies were expressed by the Redlich–Kister–Muggianu polynomial. The solubility of the third element in binary intermetallic compounds was not taken into account due to the fact that ternary solubilities for most of the binary compounds are not significant. Thermodynamic properties of liquid alloys, liquidus projection, several vertical sections and isothermal sections were calculated, which were in reasonable agreement with the reported experimental data. Finally, a set of self-consistent thermodynamic parameters formulating the Gibbs energies of various phases in the Ag-Cu-Sn ternary system was obtained