Similarity Calculation of Sudden Natural Disaster Cases with Fused Case Hierarchy—Taking Storm Surge Disasters as Examples

Sudden natural disasters have the characteristics of complexity, unpredictability and frequency. To better manage and analyze sudden natural disasters promptly with the help of historical natural disaster cases, this study adopts the method of fused case structure to calculate the similarity between sudden disaster cases. Based on the disaster information of historical natural disaster cases, this paper aims to perform similarity measures for sudden natural disaster cases that contain textual information, data information and geographic location information at the same time. Taking storm surge disasters as examples, we designed a hierarchical case structure of “vertex-edge-label” based on the characteristics of sudden natural disaster cases. Then, we calculated the case similarity based on three aspects of sudden natural disasters, which were “case scenario”, “disaster damage” and “case structure”. Finally, we aggregated multiple factors to obtain the similarity between storm surge cases and conducted experiments on the historical storm surge cases in China. The result verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the method and showed a higher accuracy of the established aggregated multifactor method compared with the benchmark method