Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activity of CoFe₂O₄ Nanoparticles from <i>Hibiscus rosa-sinensis</i> Plant Extract

Biogenic CoFe2O4 nanoparticles were prepared by co-precipitation and Hibiscus rosa sinensis plant leaf was used as a bio-reductant of the nanoparticle productions. The biosynthesized CoFe2O4 nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, FTIR, UV, VSM, and SEM via EDX analysis. The cubic phase of biosynthesized CoFe2O4 nanoparticles and their crystallite size was determined by XRD. The Co-Fe-O bonding and cation displacement was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The presence of spherically-shaped biosynthesized CoFe2O4 nanoparticles and their material were confirmed by SEM and TEM via EDX. The super-paramagnetic behaviour of the biosynthesized CoFe2O4 nanoparticles and magnetic pulse was established by VSM analysis. Organic and bacterial pollutants were eradicated using the biosynthesized CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. The spinel ferrite biosynthesized CoFe2O4 nanoparticles generate radical and superoxide ions, which degrade toxic organic and bacterial pollutants in the environment